class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide .title[ # Linking Earth observation to global supply chains to support sustainable development </div> <div class="my-logo-right"> </div> ] .subtitle[ ## <br> ] .author[ ### Dr Victor Maus<br>.font80[Institute for Ecological Economics<br>Vienna University of Economics and Business]<br>.font80[<a href="mailto:victor.maus@wu.ac.at" class="email">victor.maus@wu.ac.at</a>]<br>.font80[<a href='https://www.victor-maus.com'>www.victor-maus.com</a>] ] .date[ ### .right[.font80[Dec 14, 2021, Ifgi GI-Forum]] <div class='footnote-right'> Except where otherwise noted, content on these slides is licensed under <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0'>CC BY-SA 4.0 license</a> ] --- # Time-Weighted Dynamic Time Warping (TWDTW) .footnote-left[[Maus et al. (2016)](https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2517118) and [Maus et al. (2019)](http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v088.i05)] .pull-left.center[<img src="./../img/sits-color.png" height="270"/> #### TWDTW matches well known temporal profiles to segments of satellite image time series to produce land-use/land-cover information. ] .pull-right.center[<img src="./../img/mt-map.png" height="400"/>] .pull-left.mt3[<img src="./../img/dtwSat-light.png" height="100"/>] .pull-right.pl2[ - TWDTW has known scientific and business applications - Installation `install.package("dtwSat")` - Development [github.com/vwmaus/dtwSat](https://github.com/vwmaus/dtwSat)] --- class: # The great acceleration .center[ <img src="./../img/the-great-acceleration.jpg" height="500"/> ] .cc-bottom-left.font-dark[ Figure: [Steffen et al. (2015)](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2053019614564785) ] --- class: clear background-image: url(https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/perssonetalblog1.png?itok=TUj8JebP) background-size: cover .cc-bottom-right2.font-dark[ Figure: &copy; 2021 Center for Global Development ] ## **Information on the global drivers of local changes is critical to support sustainable development** --- class: clear background-image: url(./../img/mrio-vewer-soy-brazil-20211210.png) background-size: contain .cc-bottom-right3.font-dark[ [MRIO-Viewer www.fineprint.global/visualisations/fabio-viewer](https://www.fineprint.global/visualisations/fabio-viewer) Gutschlhofer & Maus (Under review) ] --- layout: false class: clear .pull-left.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Biomes according to Ecoregions2017** ] <img src="./../img/hetereogeneity-biomes.png" height="500"/> ] .pull-right.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **GDP per capita 2018 in the Brazilian municipalities** ] <img src="./../img/gdp-per-capita-2018-brazil-ibge.png" height="500"/> ] ### **How to link spatial heterogeneous impacts to global supply chains?** --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center background-image: url(./../img/Soybean-Field-by-UnitedSoybeanBoard--CC-BY-2-0.jpg) background-size: cover .cc-bottom-left.font-light[ Photo "Soybean Field" by UnitedSoybeanBoard <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/">CC BY 2.0</a> ] .font-dark.center.font300.font-light[ **The biomass sector** ] --- layout: false class: clear, middle background-image: url(./../img/brazil-soy-model.png) background-size: 100% 100% .footnote-right[Figure: Stefan Trsek] --- layout: false class: clear, middle background-image: url(./../img/china-soyfootprint-in-brazil.png) background-size: 100% 100% .footnote-left[Figure: Stefan Trsek] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center background-image: url(./../img/mapbiomas.png) background-size: 100% 100% .cc-bottom-right.font-light[ Screenshot of [MAPBIOMAS](https://plataforma.brasil.mapbiomas.org) ] --- class: clear, middle background-image: url(./../img/esa-cci-land-cover.png) background-size: 100% 100% .footnote-right[Screenshot of [ESA CCI Land cover viewer](http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/)] .center.bg-washed-blue.b--dark-red.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.ph4.mt1.ma0.pb4[ ### **How to scale agricultural commodities mapping with scarce training data?** ] --- class: clear, middle background-image: url(https://live.staticflickr.com/8161/7650332104_ba20f66e53_b.jpg) background-size: 100% 100% .cc-bottom-left.font-light[ Photo "ADM8" by Ars Electronica <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">CC BY-NC-ND 2.0</a> ] .center.bg-washed-blue.b--dark-red.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.ph4.mt1.ma0.pb4[ ### **Geospatial data on commodities production, trade, use, and reserves are commercial and treated in confidence.** ] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center background-image: url(./../img/Aerial-view-of-a-small-mine-near-Mt-Isa-Queensland-by-denisbin--CC-BY-ND-2-0.jpg) background-size: cover .cc-bottom-left.font-light[ Photo "Aerial view of a small mine near Mt Isa Queensland" by denisbin <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/">CC BY-ND 2.0</a> ] .font-dark.center.font300.font-light[ **The mining sector** ] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center background-image: url(./../img/carajas-misclassification2.png) background-size: cover .footnote-right[Screenshot of [ESA CCI Land cover viewer](http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/)] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center .pull-left.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Open cut of the Carajás Iron Mine, Brazil** ] <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/carajas-mine-satellite.png" height="450"/> <div class="copyright-bottom-left2 font-light">Screenshots of <a href="https://www.fineprint.global/viewer">FINEPRINT Viewer</a></div> </div> ] .pull-right.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Urban area of the Parauapebas municipality, Brazil** ] <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/parauapebas-city-satellite.png" height="450"/> <div class="copyright-bottom-left2 font-light">Screenshots of <a href="https://www.fineprint.global/viewer">FINEPRINT Viewer</a></div> </div> ] .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-red.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.ph4.mt1.ma0.pb4.center[ ### **Why most land cover maps dismiss mining in their classification system?** ] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center background-image: url(./../img/global-mining-map.png) .footnote-right[.font-light[Figure: Screenshot of [FINEPRINT Viewer](https://www.fineprint.global/viewer) Data sources: v1 [Maus et al. (2020)](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-00624-w) v2 Maus et al. (Under review)]] .left-column.pl1.mt0.font120.left.bottom.font-light[ <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> **45,000 Polygons** **100,000 km²** ] --- layout: false # Global forest cover loss due to mining .center.red[ <img src="./../img/mining-deforestation-time-series.png" height="500"/> ] ### Accumulated: 13,744 sq. km .footnote-right[Maus et al. (In preparation)] --- layout: false # Global forest cover loss due to mining .center[ <img src="./../img/mining-deforestation-biome.png" height="450"/> ] ### 62% (8,533 sq. km) on Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests .footnote-right[Maus et al. (In preparation)] --- layout: false class: clear .left-column.font-dark[ - Which regions will be affected by closing coal mines? - Using EO we increased the spatial coverage of coal production from 20 % to 50 % of global production compared to national reporting. ] .right-column.center[ <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/wu-coal-map.png" height="550"/> <div class="copyright-bottom-right font-dark">Maus & Jasansky (2021)</div> </div> ] --- layout: false class: clear <img src="./../img/mine-time-tag.png" height="550"/> ### Time is essential to answer "why" questions .footnote-right[Maus & Luckeneder (Ongoing)] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center .pull-left.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Small scale mining in Itaituba National Forest, Brazil** ] <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/small-scale-mining-brazil.png" height="450"/> </div> ] .pull-right.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Super pit gold mine, Australia** ] <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/large-scale-mining-australia.png" height="450"/> </div> ] .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-red.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.ph4.mt1.ma0.pb4.center[ ### **It is not feasible to keep the mining areas data set up-to-date without automation** ] --- layout: false class: clear, middle .center[ <img src="./../img/example-cnn-coal-mine-classification.png" height="300"/> ] <br><br> .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-red.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.ph4.mt1.ma0.pb4.center[ ### **Deep neural networks are showing promising results in delineating mining areas** ] .cc-bottom-left.font-dark[ Figure: Knoth, Appel, & Maus ] --- layout: false class: clear, middle, center .pull-left.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Regular spatial patterns** ] <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/dog-by-Tiina-Hayha-CC-BY-SA-4-0.jpg" height="450"/> <div class="copyright-bottom-left2 font-light">Photo by Tiina Häyhä <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0'>CC BY-SA 4.0 license</a></div> </div> ] .pull-right.center[ .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-blue.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.mh1.mt0.font100[ **Irregular spatial patterns** ] <div class="copyright-container"> <img src="./../img/carajas-mine-satellite-dog.png" height="450"/> <div class="copyright-bottom-left2 font-light">Screenshots of <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/xDkqyGdMAn8ZJTZJ7">Google Maps</a></div> </div> ] .bg-washed-blue.b--dark-red.ba.bw0.br3.shadow-5.ph4.mt1.ma0.pb4.center[ ### **Can deep neural networks learn how to identify mines with their great spatial irregularity?** ] --- layout: false class: clear, inverse, top, left ## Geospatial data that can link local impacts to the global economy is essential to support sustainable development -- ## Development methods to extract information from EO data can help fill this data gap -- ## Geoinformatics is a key discipline to address sustainability challenges -- <br> Dr Victor Maus<br>.font80[Institute for Ecological Economics<br>Vienna University of Economics and Business]<br>.font80[victor.maus@wu.ac.at]<br>.font80[<a href='https://www.victor-maus.com'>www.victor-maus.com</a>] .right[ .font80[Dec 14, 2021, Ifgi GI-Forum]<br> .font150[Thank you!] ]